Scientific Mining Journal

Volume 47 - No 1 (March 2008)

UCTEA
Chamber of Mining Engineers of Turkey

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Accepted Articles in Press Download the Last Issue e-Journal

Siklojet Hücresinde Bitümlü Şlam Kömürün Flotasyonu ve Jameson Hücresi ile Flotasyon Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması - Comparison of Flotation Performance with Bituminous Shark Root Flotation and Jameson Cell in Cyclojet Cell
DOI 3-12 Hasan Hacıfazlıoğlu, İhsan Toroğlu

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ÖZET
Bu çalışmada, Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi, Maden Mühendisligi Bölümünde geliştirilmiş olan Siklojet hücresinin çalışma ilkeleri ayrıntılı olarak anlatılmş ve bitümlü kömür şlamlarının temizlenmesi için denenmiştir. Deneylerde kullanılan bitümlü şlam kömürün %80`i 53 mikronun altında olup kül içeriği yaklaşık %49`dur. Söz konusu şlam kömürlerden Siklojet hücresi ile %11,32 küllü temiz kömür %72,80 yanabilir madde verimi ile kazanılmıştır. Aynı kömürlerle Jameson hücresinde yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda %14,40 küllü temiz kömür, %73,82 yanabilir madde verimi ile kazanılmıştır. Ayrıca, Siklojet hücresinin flotasyon performansının değerlendirilebilmesi ve Jameson hücresi ile karşılaştırılabilmesi için mekanik hücrede kömür şlamlarına "release test" uygulanmıştır. Sonuçta, Siklojet hücresinin Jameson hücresine göre daha temiz ürünler verdiği ve flotasyon veriminin ise yaklaşık olarak aynı olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun arkasında yatan temel neden, Siklojet hücresindeki siklonik jet hareketi (santrifüj kuvvetleri ile) ve hücre yüzeyinde meydana gelen girdap akımıdır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Siklojet Hücresi, Kömür Flotasyonu, Jameson Hücresi
ABSTRACT
This study is aimed at describing in detail the working principle of a Cyclojet cell developed by the Department of Mining Engineering of Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Turkey, and testing it to find out whether it can be used in cleaning bituminous coal slimes. 80% of the bituminous coal slime used in the tests was finer than 53 µm and it had an ash content of approximately 49%. By using the Cyclojet, the coal slimes yielded clean coal products having 11,32% ash content with 72,80% combustible matter recovery. Tests conducted in the Jameson cell with the same coal slimes produced clean coals having an ash content of 14,40% with 73,82% combustible matter recovery. A release test was also applied to the coal slimes in a mechanical cell in order to assess the flotation performance of the Cyclojet cell and compare it with that of Jameson cell. In conclusion, it has been established that the Cyclojet cell produces cleaner products than the Jameson cell with approximately the same flotation yields. The underlying reason is the cyclonic jet action (by centrifugal forces) occurring in the Cyclojet cell and a vortex flow on the cell surface.
Keywords: Cyclojet Cell, Coal Flotation, Jameson Cell

Klinker ve Çimento Katkılarının Tek Tane Darbe Kırılma Karakteristiğinin Ağırlık Düşürme Tekniği ile Analizi - Analysis of Single Grain Impact Fracture Characteristic of Clinker and Cement Additives by Weight Reduction Technique
DOI 13-26 Ömürden Genç, A. Hakan Benzer

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ÖZET
Bu çalışmada klinker, kalker, tras, ve alçıtaşı örneklerinin çift darbe kırılma davranmları ağırlık düşürme testi ile incelenmiştir. Kırılmış ürün tane boyu dağlmları, dağılımların %50`sinden geçen tane boyuna göre normalize edilmiş ve özgül ufalama enerjisi seviyesinin kırılma dağılımı benzerliğine etkisi incelenmiştir. Klinker, kalker ve trasn kırılma dağılımlarının 1 kWs/ton`un üzerindeki enerji seviyelerinde benzerlik gösterdiği, alçıtaşının ise enerji seviyesinden bağmsız kırıldığı belirlenmiştir. Özgül ufalama enerjisi-boyut küçültme ilişkileri Narayanan ve Whiten‘ın (1983) yaklaşımına göre oluşturulmuş ve klinkerin darbe kırılma davranımının tane boyuna bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Birden fazla bileşenin ayn anda öğütüldüğü CEM II/B Portland Kompoze Çimento üretimi koşulu için kırılma dağılım fonksiyonunun t-aile eğrisi yaklaşımına göre belirlenmesi aşamaları tartışılmıştır.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Kırlma Dağılımı Fonksiyonu, Ağırlık Düşürme Testi, Klinker, Çimento
ABSTRACT
In this study, double impact breakage characteristics of clinker, limestone, trass and gypsum samples were investigated by the drop-weight test. Broken product size distributions were normalized based on 50% passing size of the distributions and effect of specific comminution energy on breakage distribution similarity was investigated. It was determined that, at energy levels higher than 1 kWh/ton breakage distributions of clinker, limestone and trass showed similarity, whereas breakage of limestone is independent of energy level. Specific commminution energy-size reduction relations were established based on the approach given by Narayanan and Whiten (1983) and it was determined that breakage of clinker is size dependent. Determination of breakage functions based on the t-family curve approach for CEMII/B Portland Composite Cement production case in which more than one component was ground was discussed.
Keywords: Breakage Distribution Function, Drop-Weight Test, Clinker, Çement

Tunçbilek Kömür Yıkama Tesisi Ara Ürününün Jameson Hücresinde Flotasyonu - Tunçbilek Coal Washing Plant Intermediate Flotation in Jameson Cell
DOI 27-34 Oktay Bayat

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ÖZET
Bu çalışmada, yüksek kül içerikli Tunçbilek Ömerler kömür yıkama tesisi (lavvar) ara ürünü Jameson hücresinde bitkisel yağ asitlerinin toplayıcı olarak kullanıldığı ﬂotasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. En uygun koşullarda (köpük derinliği, değişken; yıkama suyu hızı, 0,6 L/dk; d80, 0,250 mm; palp katı oranı, %20 katı; pH, 7-7,5; yağ asidi/gazyağı oranı, 1/1; yağ asidi/gazyağı miktarı, besleme malının %10`u; düşey boru dalma derinliği, 40 cm; koşullandırma süresi, 10 dk ve ﬂotasyon süresi, 3 dk) yapılan ﬂotasyon sonucunda %87,15 yanabilir madde verimi ile %10 kül içeren temiz kömür konsantresi elde edilmiştir.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Kömür, Jameson Flotasyon Hücresi
ABSTRACT
In this study, middlings from Tunçbilek Ömerler Coal Preparation Plant was ﬂoated by vegetable oil acids as collectors in a Jameson ﬂotation cell. A clean coal concentrate was obtained with 10% ash and 87.15% combustible recovery at the optimum conditions (froth height, variable; wash water ﬂow rate, 0.6 L/min; d80, 0.250 mm; pulp density, %20 solids; slurry pH, 7-7.5; vegetable oil acids/kerosene ratio, 1/1; vegetable oil acids+kerosene dosage, 10% of the dry solids; downcomer depth, 40 cm; condition time, 10 min and ﬂotation time, 3 min).
Keywords: Coal, Jameson Flotation Cell

Feldspattaki Demirin Oksalik Asit Liçi ile Uzaklaştırılması - Removal of iron with oxalic acid in feldspar
DOI 35-41 Volkan Arslan, Oktay Bayat

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ÖZET
Bu çalışmada Kaltun Madencilik`ten (Çine-Aydın) alınan feldspat numunesindeki demir içeriğinin azaltılması için oksalik asit liçi optimum koşulları araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla iki aşamalı oksalik asit liçi deneyleri yapılmıştır. İlk aşamada, liç deneyleri Yates tekniğine göre yapılmış buradan tespit edilen etkili parametre dikkate alınarak ikinci aşamada optimizasyon deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda optimum koşullar; katı oranı: %5, oksalik asit derişimi: 0,2 M, sıcaklık: 80 oC, liç süresi: 120 dk. olarak tespit edilmiştir. Optimizasyon deneyleri sonucunda feldspattaki demirin %72,59`u giderilmiş ve liç sonrası elde edilen konsantrenin Fe2O3 içeriği %0,032 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Sözcükler: Feldspat, oksalik asit, liç, Anova-Yates analizi, optimizasyon
ABSTRACT
In this study, optimum conditions of oxalic acid leaching to reduce iron content of the feldspar supplied by Kaltun Mining (Cine-Aydın) were investigated. For this purpose, two-stage oxalic acid leaching experiments were carried out. In the first stage, the leaching experiments were conducted according to Yates‘ experimental design. Then, optimization tests were applied taking ‘into consideration effective parameter in the second stage. Optimum conditions were 5% solids, 0.2 M of oxalic acid concentration, 80 oC temperature and 120 minutes of leaching (reaction) time. The iron removal from feldspar was 72.59% and the Fe2O3 content of the feldspar concentrate was 0.032% after the optimization tests.
Keywords: Feldspar, oxalic acid, leaching, Anova-Yates` analysis, optimization